Friday, September 4, 2009

Netmask table - for quick address - and more

Netmask              Netmask (binary)                 CIDR     Notes 
_____________________________________________________________________________ 
255.255.255.255  11111111.11111111.11111111.11111111  /32  Host (single addr) 
255.255.255.254  11111111.11111111.11111111.11111110  /31  Unuseable 
255.255.255.252  11111111.11111111.11111111.11111100  /30    2  useable 
255.255.255.248  11111111.11111111.11111111.11111000  /29    6  useable 
255.255.255.240  11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000  /28   14  useable 
255.255.255.224  11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000  /27   30  useable 
255.255.255.192  11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000  /26   62  useable 255.255.255.128  11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000  /25  126  useable 255.255.255.0    11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000  /24 "Class C" 254 useable  255.255.254.0    11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000  /23    2  Class C's 255.255.252.0    11111111.11111111.11111100.00000000  /22    4  Class C's 255.255.248.0    11111111.11111111.11111000.00000000  /21    8  Class C's 255.255.240.0    11111111.11111111.11110000.00000000  /20   16  Class C's 255.255.224.0    11111111.11111111.11100000.00000000  /19   32  Class C's 255.255.192.0    11111111.11111111.11000000.00000000  /18   64  Class C's 255.255.128.0    11111111.11111111.10000000.00000000  /17  128  Class C's 255.255.0.0      11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000  /16  "Class B"       255.254.0.0      11111111.11111110.00000000.00000000  /15    2  Class B's 255.252.0.0      11111111.11111100.00000000.00000000  /14    4  Class B's 255.248.0.0      11111111.11111000.00000000.00000000  /13    8  Class B's 255.240.0.0      11111111.11110000.00000000.00000000  /12   16  Class B's 255.224.0.0      11111111.11100000.00000000.00000000  /11   32  Class B's 255.192.0.0      11111111.11000000.00000000.00000000  /10   64  Class B's 255.128.0.0      11111111.10000000.00000000.00000000  /9   128  Class B's 255.0.0.0        11111111.00000000.00000000.00000000  /8   "Class A"    254.0.0.0        11111110.00000000.00000000.00000000  /7 252.0.0.0        11111100.00000000.00000000.00000000  /6 248.0.0.0        11111000.00000000.00000000.00000000  /5 240.0.0.0        11110000.00000000.00000000.00000000  /4 224.0.0.0        11100000.00000000.00000000.00000000  /3 192.0.0.0        11000000.00000000.00000000.00000000  /2 128.0.0.0        10000000.00000000.00000000.00000000  /1 0.0.0.0          00000000.00000000.00000000.00000000  /0   IP space                                     Net     Host    Total Net      Addr                      Addr    Addr    Number Class   Range      NetMask         Bits    Bits   of hosts ---------------------------------------------------------- A        0-127    255.0.0.0         8      24     16777216   (i.e. 114.0.0.0) B      128-191    255.255.0.0      16      16        65536   (i.e. 150.0.0.0) C      192-254    255.255.255.0    24       8          256   (i.e. 199.0.0.0) D      224-239    (multicast) E      240-255    (reserved) F      208-215    255.255.255.240  28       4           16 G      216/8      ARIN - North America G      217/8      RIPE NCC - Europe G      218-219/8  APNIC H      220-221    255.255.255.248  29       3            8   (reserved) K      222-223    255.255.255.254  31       1            2   (reserved) (ref: RFC1375 & http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipv4-address-space ) (               http://www.iana.org/numbers.htm                    ) ----------------------------------------------------------  The current list of special use prefixes:  0.0.0.0/8   127.0.0.0/8  192.0.2.0/24  10.0.0.0/8  172.16.0.0/12  192.168.0.0/16  169.254.0.0/16  all D/E space (ref: RFC1918 http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1918.txt   ) (       or     ftp://ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc1918.txt     ) (rfc search:   http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfcsearch.html   ) (              http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt ) (              http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html            )   Martians: (updates at: www.iana.org/assignments/ipv4-address-space )  no ip source-route  access-list 100 deny   ip host 0.0.0.0 any   deny ip 0.0.0.0         0.255.255.255  any log  ! antispoof   deny ip 0.0.0.0 0.255.255.255  0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 ! antispoof   deny ip any             255.255.255.128 0.0.0.127 ! antispoof   deny ip host            0.0.0.0        any log  ! antispoof   deny ip host            [router intf]  [router intf] ! antispoof   deny ip xxx.xxx.xxx.0   0.0.0.255      any log  ! lan area   deny ip 0/8             0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Reserved   deny ip 1/8             0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Reserved   deny ip 2/8             0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Reserved   deny ip 5/8             0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Reserved   deny ip 7/8             0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Reserved   deny ip 10.0.0.0        0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Private Use   deny ip 23/8            0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Reserved   deny ip 27/8            0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Reserved   deny ip 31/8            0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Reserved   deny ip 36-37/8         0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Reserved   deny ip 39/8            0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Reserved   deny ip 41-42/8         0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Reserved   deny ip 50/8            0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Reserved   deny ip 58-60/8         0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Reserved   deny ip 69-79/8         0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Reserved   deny ip 82-95/8         0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Reserved   deny ip 96-126/8        0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Reserved   deny ip 127/8           0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Reserved   deny ip 169.254.0.0     0.0.255.255    any log  ! link-local network   deny ip 172.16.0.0      0.15.255.255   any log  ! reserved   deny ip 192.168.0.0     0.0.255.255    any log  ! reserved   deny ip 192.0.2.0       0.0.0.255      any log  ! test network   deny ip 197/8           0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Reserved   deny ip 220/8           0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Reserved   deny ip 222-223/8       0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Reserved   deny ip 224.0.0.0       31.255.255.255 any log  ! multicast   deny ip 224.0.0.0       15.255.255.255 any log  ! unless MBGP-learned routes   deny ip 224-239/8       0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Multicast   deny ip 240-255/8       0.255.255.255  any log  ! IANA - Reserved  filtered source addresses   0/8                 ! broadcast   10/8                ! RFC 1918 private   127/8               ! loopback   169.254.0/16        ! link local   172.16.0.0/12       ! RFC 1918 private   192.0.2.0/24        ! TEST-NET   192.168.0/16        ! RFC 1918 private   224.0.0.0/4         ! class D multicast   240.0.0.0/5         ! class E reserved   248.0.0.0/5         ! reserved   255.255.255.255/32  ! broadcast  ARIN administrated blocks: (http://www.arin.net/regserv/IPStats.html)    24.0.0.0/8 (portions of)    63.0.0.0/8    64.0.0.0/8    65.0.0.0/8    66.0.0.0/8   196.0.0.0/8   198.0.0.0/8   199.0.0.0/8   200.0.0.0/8   204.0.0.0/8   205.0.0.0/8   206.0.0.0/8   207.0.0.0/8   208.0.0.0/8   209.0.0.0/8   216.0.0.0/8 ----------------------------------------------------------  well known ports: (rfc1700.txt)  www.iana.org/assignments/port-numbers  protocol numbers:  www.iana.org/assignments/protocol-numbers  www.iana.org/numbers.htm  ICMP(Types/Codes)  Testing Destination Reachability & Status   (0/0)  Echo-Reply   (8/0)  Echo  Unreachable Destinations   (3/0)  Network Unreachable   (3/1)  Host Unreachable   (3/2)  Protocol Unreachable   (3/3)  Port Unreachable   (3/4)  Fragmentaion Needed and DF set (Pkt too big)   (3/5)  Source Route Failed   (3/6)  Network Unknown   (3/7)  Host Unknown   (3/9)  DOD Net Prohibited   (3/10) DOD Host Prohibited   (3/11) Net TOS Unreachable   (3/12) Host TOS Unreachable   (3/13) Administratively Prohibited   (3/14) Host Precedence Unreachable   (3/15) Precedence Unreachable  Flow Control   (4/0)  Source-Quench [RFC 1016]  Route Change Requests from Gateways   (5/0)  Redirect Datagrams for the Net   (5/1)  Redirect Datagrams for the Host   (5/2)  Redirect Datagrams for the TOS and Net   (5/3)  Redirect Datagrams for the TOS and Host  Router   (6/-)  Alternate-Address   (9/0)  Router-Advertisement   (10/0) Router-Solicitation  Detecting Circular or Excessively Long Routes   (11/0) Time to Live Count Exceeded   (11/1) Fragment Reassembly Time Exceeded  Reporting Incorrect Datagram Headers   (12/0) Parameter-Problem   (12/1) Option Missing   (12/2) No Room for Option  Clock Synchronization and Transit Time Estimation   (13/0) Timestamp-Request   (14/0) Timestamp-Reply  Obtaining a Network Address (RARP Alternative)   (15/0) Information-Request   (16/0) Information-Reply  Obtaining a Subnet Mask [RFC 950]   (17/0) Address Mask-Request   (18/0) Address Mask-Reply  Other   (30/0) Traceroute   (31/0) Conversion-Error   (32/0) Mobile-Redirect  Ref: [RFC 792] [RFC 896] [RFC 950] [RFC 1016]   www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/lan/cat6000/sw_5_3/cofigide/qos.htm#19774    Decimal system Prefix's               Factor               Exponent  Prefix ---------------------------------------------------  1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000...10^24....yotta      1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000...10^21....zetta          1 000 000 000 000 000 000...10^18....exa              1 000 000 000 000 000...10^15....peta                  1 000 000 000 000...10^12....tera                      1 000 000 000...10^9.....giga                          1 000 000...10^6.....mega                              1 000...10^3.....kilo                                100...10^2.....hecto                                 10...10^1.....deka                                0.1...10^-1....deci                               0.01...10^-2....centi                              0.001...10^-3....milli                          0.000 001...10^-6....micro                      0.000 000 001...10^-9....nano                  0.000 000 000 001...10^-12...pico              0.000 000 000 000 001...10^-15...femto          0.000 000 000 000 000 001...10^-18...atto      0.000 000 000 000 000 000 001...10^-21...zepto  0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001...10^-24...yocto ---------------------------------------------------  Convert Fahrenheit <> Celsius:  Celsius = (Fahrenheit - 32) / 1.8  Fahrenheit = (Celsius * 1.8) + 32

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